Difference between revisions of "Ancilla glitches"

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== Summary ==
 
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This page explains glitches that has to do with ancilla.
 
This page explains glitches that has to do with ancilla.
  
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For now, go to [[Spooky Action at a Distance]] for the also-ancilla-related glitch that was found in 2018. This page is a summary of the glitches found mid 2019.
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For now, go to for the also-ancilla-related glitch that was found in 2018. This page is a summary of the glitches found mid 2019.
  
 
In this game, we use the word ''ancilla'' (plural: ''ancillae'') for objects that Link produces/uses. Some examples are Boomerang, Bombs, Somaria block/spark, Sword spark, and Boots dust.
 
In this game, we use the word ''ancilla'' (plural: ''ancillae'') for objects that Link produces/uses. Some examples are Boomerang, Bombs, Somaria block/spark, Sword spark, and Boots dust.
  
 
Enemies, Heart drops, etc... on the other hand, are sprites.
 
Enemies, Heart drops, etc... on the other hand, are sprites.
 +
 +
== Types ==
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Ancillae are a broad category, so this page only covers the broad overview.
 +
 +
Specific types of ancilla-related glitches:
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* [[Fake Flippers]]
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* [[Spooky Action at a Distance]]
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* [[Ancilla Overload]]
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* [[Ancilla Misslotting]]
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
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Someone mentioned it on Discord after 4-5 months had passed, and the videos were linked into Discord. We started looking more in depth on what was happening, and this investigation produced a few new glitches. All of them having something to do with Ancillae.
 
Someone mentioned it on Discord after 4-5 months had passed, and the videos were linked into Discord. We started looking more in depth on what was happening, and this investigation produced a few new glitches. All of them having something to do with Ancillae.
  
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== Some terminology ==
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== Terminology ==
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=== Slots ===
 
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When you try to put down a bomb, the game looks for an empty ''slot'' in the game's memory. There's 10 slots for ancillae, which means you can only have 10 ancillae on the screen at any point in time.
 
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For practical reasons, we've named them slot 0 through slot 9.
 
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For example, you spawn an arrow, and the arrow might be put into slot 4. You spawn another arrow, and slot 4 is occupied and the new one is put into slot 3.
 
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=== Misslotting ===
 
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What we found, is that the game was coded to have certain items in certain slots. Bombs for example, needs to be in slot 0 or slot 1. Most other items from Link's inventory was only coded to be in slot 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. However, there are ways to force them to occupy slot 5+. Since this was unintended from developers (and it doesn't really happen in normal gameplay), unintended things happen.
 
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We call the concept of putting an item into a slot it was not coded to be in ''mis-slotting'' (or ''misslotting'').
 
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There's a tutorial on how misslotting works here: https://milde.no/public/alttp/misslots/.
 
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== Level 1 ==
 
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Level 1 = Ancilla glitches where we don't use misslotting. Most ancillae spawn in slot 0-4.
 
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=== Heart Despawn Glitch ===
 
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A method to despawn heart containers, making our Low% runs lower. This was decided to be a minor glitch.
 
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{{VideoBox
 
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| title = Example of Heart Despawn Glitch
 
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| file= File:Low_hpskip_armos.mp4
 
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| width = 340
 
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}}
 
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This one does not use misslotting, but was a random discovery during our investigations into misslotting. It works by filling up ancilla slots in clever ways that only despawn the heart container, but not the pendant/crystal that follows (else you would softlock on most bosses where doors are closed and menues not possible).
 
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Pastebins: https://pastebin.com/aNApJZLz https://pastebin.com/BeBFwZX6
 
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=== Spooky Action Glitch ===
 
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See [[Spooky Action at a Distance]]
 
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== Level 2 ==
 
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Level 2 = Misslotting an ancilla into an ''ancilla slot'' it was not coded to be in (slot 5-9).
 
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=== Weirdshot/hookclip ===
 
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''Weirdshot'' is the name of a [http://zelda.speedruns.com/mm/tech/weirdshot similar glitch] in Ocarina of Time speedruns, copied over to ALttP.
 
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The hookshot can pass through one-tile blocks.
 
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{{VideoBox
 
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| title = Example of Weirdshot
 
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| file= File:Gthookclip.mp4
 
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| width = 340
 
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}}
 
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What happens is that the hookshot object is traveling in EG for 3 out of 4 frames. There is another variant of this where the hookshot is ''only'' traveling in EG. If you hit something in the other layer, it will drag Link to it and also change Link's layer.
 
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Preliminary technical explanation can be found here https://pastebin.com/ua73VDi1, but it's not complete.
 
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=== Hookpush (Somaria misslot) ===
 
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{{VideoBox
 
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| title = Example of Hookpush
 
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| file= File:Wonkaspike.mp4
 
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| width = 340
 
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}}
 
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The reason this works is very technical, but basically, the "hookshot dragging Link to an object" code is glitched out and Link is dragged for a longer duration and often a different direction. This code does not check any collision at all, so Link can clip through walls. You can also use this to get Link into EG.
 
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We can completely control the direction, the duration, and whether or not Link should be put into a different layer, by changing the setups.
 
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Tutorial on how to do this consistently: https://milde.no/public/alttp/misslots/
 
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Pastebin: https://pastebin.com/KsRGZNKu.
 
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=== Hookpush (Hook misslot) ===
 
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Same application as above, but done by misslotting hookshots instead.
 
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{{VideoBox
 
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| title = Example of Hookpush
 
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| file= File:Hookpush hookmisslot.mp4
 
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| width = 340
 
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}}
 
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Technical explanation: https://pastebin.com/Z1FanJwK
 
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=== Overworld Conveyor ===
 
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By transitioning right after dropping either a Bomb or Somaria (misslotted in slot 9) from taking damage, you can get the conveyor effect while in the overworld. You can get this effect either upwards or downwards depending on the setup.
 
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{{VideoBox
 
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| title = Example of Overworld conveyor effect
 
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| file= File:OwConveyorEffect.mp4
 
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| width = 340
 
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}}
 
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When this effect is active, you can nudge against any slope and automatically clip from one side of the overworld map to the other, without anything colliding with Link. You can even use your sword and some items while in this ''noclip mode'', while other actions like dashing or moving will let Link collide with things again.
 
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Another application of this is transitioning into an underworld entrance. This gives the same effect as mirroring while on a conveyor belt, except the setup is outside the entrance and can easily be done for all entrances now.
 
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{{VideoBox
 
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| title = OW Conveyor into UW OoB clips & EG
 
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| file= File:ConveyorOobFromOw.mp4
 
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| width = 340
 
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}}
 
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Note that Somaria is not needed for this, it could be done with holding a bomb instead.
 
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=== Murderbomb ===
 
  
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{{VideoBox
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=== Ancillae & Slots ===
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| title = Example of Murderbomb
 
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| file= File:Murderbomb.mp4
 
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| width = 340
 
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}}
 
  
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By putting a bomb into slot 9, we can reset the ''explosion duration'' timer indefinitely by simply using a hookshot or producing sword beams.
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An ancilla is "A self-acting entity whose routines and existence are established and controlled from the 10 item array at <code>$0C4A</code>." Broadly speaking, these are going to be objects that are spawned by Link's items. Bombs, arrows, the boomerang, fire and ice rod shots, the dust Link kicks up while dashing, etc. -- These are all ancillae.
  
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== Level 3 ==
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There are 10 positions in the game's memory for ancillae, and we call these Slots. For practical reasons, we name/number them Slots 0-9.
  
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Level 3 = Misslotting an ancilla into a slot that doesn't even exist (slot 10+). Basically, you end up writing values to arbitrary memory at will.
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===Front and Back Slots===
  
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This is the really broken stuff.
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Ancillae won't just choose whichever open slots to occupy. They can be broadly classified into Front Slot Ancillae (these occupy the first 5 slots: Slots 0-4) and Back Slot Ancillae (these occupy the final 5 slots: Slots 5-9). Front Slot Ancillae are generally significant objects in gameplay. Ancillae that load here will be things like Bombs, Arrows, Somaria Blocks, Sword Beams, Dash Dust, etc. Back Slot Ancillae are less significant to gameplay, often being objects that just add a bit of visual flare. Back Slot Ancillae include things like the sparkles that appear on Link's sword when he's charging a spin attack or the sparkles that appear on a shot from the Ice Rod.
  
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{{VideoBox
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===Particle Ancillae===
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| title = Arbitrary Code Execution
 
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| file= File:Ace.mp4
 
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| width = 340
 
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}}
 
  
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{{VideoBox
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Arrows that are stuck in a wall, the sparkles that appear with an Ice Rod shot, and the sparkles that appear with a Silver Arrow, the Red Boomerang, or when Link is charging his sword are all what we call Particle Ancillae. A key attribute of Particles that differentiates them from other ancillae is that they can be replaced. This is an important factor in ancillae glitches, as we'll see below.
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| title = Crystals out of nowhere
 
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| file= File:Freecrystals.mp4
 
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| width = 340
 
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}}
 
  
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Some technical information here: https://pastebin.com/NnRnX4X5
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===Search Index===
  
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== Categorization of ancilla related glitches ==
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The Search Index is what we call value at <code>$03C4</code> in the game's memory. It determines where to begin a secondary search if the game can't find an open Slot to place a new ancilla. The exact logic that happens with the Search Index is important, so let's look at the steps:
 +
# You go to use a Front Slot ancilla, but Slots 0-4 are already filled. What does the game do now?
 +
# Decrement the value of the Search Index by 1.
 +
# If the Search Index is now negative, set it to the quota of the ancilla we're trying to place, minus one (ie. we can have two bombs on screen at the same time, meaning the quota for bombs is 2 and also meaning that if this step was run while we're trying to place a bomb, the resulting Search Index value would be <code>01</code>)
 +
# Now the game looks at the Ancilla Slot corresponding to whatever the Search Index value is. It will search from this Slot down to Slot 0 looking for Particle ancillae it can overwrite with the ancilla we're trying to use. If it finds one, it will replace it, and the Search Index will be set to the value of whichever Slot this replacement was done at. If not, the new ancilla won't be loaded in and the Search Index will now be decremented all the way to <code>00</code>.
  
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* Uninitialized altitude
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To look at an example:
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** Spooky Action Glitch
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# We try to place a Somaria block, but Slots 0-4 are filled with [bomb, bomb, wall arrow, boomerang, dash dust]. Our Search Index is at <code>04</code>
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* Despawn
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# The Search Index is decremented to <code>03</code>.
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** Heart Despawn glitch
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# The Search Index is not negative, so this step isn't used.
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* Misslotted Ancilla
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# Our Search Index is <code>03</code>, so the game looks at Slot 3, where there's a Boomerang. That's not a particle, so the search moves down the list. At Slot 2 is a wall arrow. Hey that's a particle ancilla. The game will despawn that and load our Somaria block in its place. Our Search Index is now <code>02</code>.
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** Weirdshot
 
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*** Weirdshot (Alternating Layer)
 
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*** Weirdshot (Opposite Layer)
 
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** Hookpush
 
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** Murder Bomb
 
  
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Some glitches in different "categories" use similar methods for its exploit.
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In addition to checking for available Slots for ancillae, there is another routine the Search Index is involved in, and it has to do with Wall Arrows. If the player tries to create more than 3 wall arrows on-screen, the Search Index will be set to <code>04</code>, and the index will decrement as the game looks for Wall Arrows to replace with the new Wall Arrow.

Latest revision as of 14:34, 27 August 2021

This page explains glitches that has to do with ancilla.

For now, go to for the also-ancilla-related glitch that was found in 2018. This page is a summary of the glitches found mid 2019.

In this game, we use the word ancilla (plural: ancillae) for objects that Link produces/uses. Some examples are Boomerang, Bombs, Somaria block/spark, Sword spark, and Boots dust.

Enemies, Heart drops, etc... on the other hand, are sprites.

Types

Ancillae are a broad category, so this page only covers the broad overview.

Specific types of ancilla-related glitches:

History

Yuzuhara found that using items in certain combinations created weird effects, like getting two somaria blocks/bombs, having bombs explode indefinitely etc. He did not understand how it worked, and it was mostly not known about in the Discord at the time, but he posted everything on his twitter account here

Someone mentioned it on Discord after 4-5 months had passed, and the videos were linked into Discord. We started looking more in depth on what was happening, and this investigation produced a few new glitches. All of them having something to do with Ancillae.

Terminology

Ancillae & Slots

An ancilla is "A self-acting entity whose routines and existence are established and controlled from the 10 item array at $0C4A." Broadly speaking, these are going to be objects that are spawned by Link's items. Bombs, arrows, the boomerang, fire and ice rod shots, the dust Link kicks up while dashing, etc. -- These are all ancillae.

There are 10 positions in the game's memory for ancillae, and we call these Slots. For practical reasons, we name/number them Slots 0-9.

Front and Back Slots

Ancillae won't just choose whichever open slots to occupy. They can be broadly classified into Front Slot Ancillae (these occupy the first 5 slots: Slots 0-4) and Back Slot Ancillae (these occupy the final 5 slots: Slots 5-9). Front Slot Ancillae are generally significant objects in gameplay. Ancillae that load here will be things like Bombs, Arrows, Somaria Blocks, Sword Beams, Dash Dust, etc. Back Slot Ancillae are less significant to gameplay, often being objects that just add a bit of visual flare. Back Slot Ancillae include things like the sparkles that appear on Link's sword when he's charging a spin attack or the sparkles that appear on a shot from the Ice Rod.

Particle Ancillae

Arrows that are stuck in a wall, the sparkles that appear with an Ice Rod shot, and the sparkles that appear with a Silver Arrow, the Red Boomerang, or when Link is charging his sword are all what we call Particle Ancillae. A key attribute of Particles that differentiates them from other ancillae is that they can be replaced. This is an important factor in ancillae glitches, as we'll see below.

Search Index

The Search Index is what we call value at $03C4 in the game's memory. It determines where to begin a secondary search if the game can't find an open Slot to place a new ancilla. The exact logic that happens with the Search Index is important, so let's look at the steps:

  1. You go to use a Front Slot ancilla, but Slots 0-4 are already filled. What does the game do now?
  2. Decrement the value of the Search Index by 1.
  3. If the Search Index is now negative, set it to the quota of the ancilla we're trying to place, minus one (ie. we can have two bombs on screen at the same time, meaning the quota for bombs is 2 and also meaning that if this step was run while we're trying to place a bomb, the resulting Search Index value would be 01)
  4. Now the game looks at the Ancilla Slot corresponding to whatever the Search Index value is. It will search from this Slot down to Slot 0 looking for Particle ancillae it can overwrite with the ancilla we're trying to use. If it finds one, it will replace it, and the Search Index will be set to the value of whichever Slot this replacement was done at. If not, the new ancilla won't be loaded in and the Search Index will now be decremented all the way to 00.

To look at an example:

  1. We try to place a Somaria block, but Slots 0-4 are filled with [bomb, bomb, wall arrow, boomerang, dash dust]. Our Search Index is at 04
  2. The Search Index is decremented to 03.
  3. The Search Index is not negative, so this step isn't used.
  4. Our Search Index is 03, so the game looks at Slot 3, where there's a Boomerang. That's not a particle, so the search moves down the list. At Slot 2 is a wall arrow. Hey that's a particle ancilla. The game will despawn that and load our Somaria block in its place. Our Search Index is now 02.

In addition to checking for available Slots for ancillae, there is another routine the Search Index is involved in, and it has to do with Wall Arrows. If the player tries to create more than 3 wall arrows on-screen, the Search Index will be set to 04, and the index will decrement as the game looks for Wall Arrows to replace with the new Wall Arrow.

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